Isolation of Caffeine from Carbonated Beverages

The work presented on the isolation of naturally occurring alkaloid from carbonated beverages. The extensive presence of caffeine in different plants plays an important role in the long-standing acceptance of caffeine-containing products. Caffeine (3,7-dihydro-1, 3,7-trimethyl-1H-purine-2,6-dione or 1,3,7-trimethylxanthine) is an alkaloid belongs to Methylxanthine family. Liquid-liquid extraction methods were used in the assay of research work. Chloroform was taken as extracting solvent. Solid residue of caffeine was recrystallized from 95% ethanol using 5ml/gram (5ml per gram). It is declared to raise caffeine, effects a number of different drugs include Paracetamol, Benzodiazepines and Aspirin and amount of plasma free Fatty acids increases. While inform that in regular sleeping interaction caffeine take place and raise the absorption of certain drugs. Changes in drug metabolizing enzymes, acts as an agent in a microsomal system of the body. The highest amount of caffeine dry crystal is extracted in sting sample while the 7up sample is free from caffeine

Accelerated Proximal Algorithm for Finding the Dantzig Selector and Source Separation Using Dictionary Learning

In most of the applications, signals acquired from different sensors are composite and are corrupted by some noise. In the presence of noise, separation of composite signals into its components without losing information is quite challenging. Separation of signals becomes more difficult when only a few samples of the noisy undersampled composite signals are given. In this paper, we aim to find Dantzig selector with overcomplete dictionaries using Accelerated Proximal Gradient Algorithm (APGA) for recovery and separation of undersampled composite signals. We have successfully diagnosed leukemia disease using our model and compared it with Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers (ADMM). As a test case, we have also recovered Electrocardiogram (ECG) signal with great accuracy from its noisy version using this model along with Proximity Operator based Algorithm (POA) for comparison. With less computational complexity compared with ADMM and POA, APGA has a good clustering capability depicted from the leukemia diagnosis

Mediating Role of Environmental Management Accounting and Control System between Top Management Commitment and Environmental Performance: A Legitimacy Theory

The purpose of current study is to assess the impact of top management commitment on firms’ performance, based on legitimacy theory with mediating role of environmental management accounting and environmental management control system. Survey-based data has been collected through questionnaires from ISO 14001 based manufacturing firms of Pakistan. Path analysis has been conducted by applying structural equation modelling on total 304 respondents' data to answer the study hypotheses by using SPSS and AMOS. Results of the study indicate that there is a positive and direct impact of top management commitment on the firms' environmental performance. Moreover, environmental management accounting and control system significantly mediate the relationship between top management commitment and environmental performance. The theoretical model of this study is first time developed and tested by the researcher in Pakistan. Practically, the findings of this research give a deep insight and understanding of how the managers in Pakistan can improve the environmental performance of their firms, through commitment and environmental management accounting as well as environmental management control system tools

MicroRNA - a contributor to age-associated neural stem cell dysfunction?

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Regulation, quality reporting and third-party certification of healthcare providers

The newly established provincial healthcare commissions in Pakistan have started certification of healthcare providers. The policy-makers perceive that without third-party certification or licencing the healthcare quality will be suboptimal in the country. This paper reviews the current literature on third-party certification and studies objectives and progress of the largest healthcare commission in Pakistan. It analyses the certification role of the Punjab Healthcare Commission and draw lessons for future regulation and strengthening of the quality reporting process. It also documents the short-term and long-term trade-off resulting from the enforcement of quality certification in the absence of appropriate alternative investment in medical training and care provisions in the country for uncertified providers. The paper concludes with a roadmap for future research to improve healthcare regulation in Pakistan